White Revolution, a term often heard in discussions about India’s dairy development, is known as Shwet Kranti (श्वेत क्रांति) in Hindi. This transformative initiative significantly impacted India’s milk production, making it the world’s largest milk producer. But what exactly does it entail, and what is its significance for the Indian economy and society? This article delves into the meaning, history, and impact of the White Revolution in India.
What is the White Revolution (Shwet Kranti)?
The White Revolution, or Operation Flood, was a rural development program launched in 1970 by India’s National Dairy Development Board (NDDB). It aimed to increase milk production, improve the socio-economic conditions of rural milk producers, and make milk accessible to consumers at affordable prices. The program involved creating a nationwide milk grid connecting rural milk producers with urban consumers. This allowed for efficient milk procurement, processing, and distribution, minimizing wastage and ensuring fair prices for both producers and consumers.
White Revolution in India: Increased Milk Production
The History and Stages of Operation Flood
Operation Flood was implemented in three phases. Phase I (1970-1980) focused on establishing dairy cooperatives in ten select cities. Phase II (1981-1985) expanded the program to cover 290 cities, and Phase III (1985-1996) consolidated the gains and extended the reach further. Dr. Verghese Kurien, known as the “Father of the White Revolution,” played a pivotal role in the program’s success.
Impact of the White Revolution on India
The White Revolution had a profound impact on India. It not only increased milk production significantly but also empowered rural communities, particularly women, who played a vital role in milk production and dairy cooperatives. The program also contributed to improving rural incomes, enhancing nutritional security, and boosting the overall economy.
Socio-Economic Impact
- Empowerment of Rural Women: The White Revolution actively involved women in dairy cooperatives, providing them with income-generating opportunities and enhancing their social standing.
- Increased Rural Incomes: By ensuring fair prices for milk, the program improved the livelihoods of millions of rural milk producers.
- Improved Nutritional Security: Increased milk availability made milk and milk products more accessible and affordable, contributing to improved nutrition, especially among children.
Conclusion: The Legacy of Shwet Kranti
The White Revolution, or Shwet Kranti, stands as a testament to the power of visionary leadership and community participation. It transformed India from a milk-deficient nation to the world’s largest milk producer. The program’s success not only lies in boosting milk production but also in its socio-economic impact, empowering rural communities and improving the lives of millions.
FAQs
- What is the meaning of White Revolution in Hindi? It is called Shwet Kranti (श्वेत क्रांति).
- Who is the Father of the White Revolution? Dr. Verghese Kurien is known as the Father of the White Revolution.
- When did the White Revolution start? It was launched in 1970.
- What was the main aim of Operation Flood? The primary aim was to increase milk production and improve the socio-economic conditions of rural milk producers.
- How did the White Revolution impact India? It increased milk production, empowered rural communities, and improved nutritional security.
- What is NDDB? NDDB stands for National Dairy Development Board, the organization that spearheaded the White Revolution.
- What were the phases of Operation Flood? It was implemented in three phases between 1970 and 1996.
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