Understanding the nuances of “unable” in Hindi is crucial for effective communication. Whether you’re translating documents, having a casual conversation, or navigating the complexities of Hindi literature, knowing the appropriate Hindi equivalent of “unable” can significantly enhance your understanding and expression. This article will explore the various ways to express “unable” in Hindi, delving into their subtle differences and providing context-rich examples.
Different Ways to Say “Unable” in Hindi
Hindi offers a rich vocabulary to express the concept of “unable,” with each word carrying slightly different connotations. Let’s explore some of the most common translations:
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असमर्थ (Asamarth): This is perhaps the most direct and widely used translation of “unable.” It implies a lack of capability or power to perform a specific action. For example, “मैं यह काम करने में असमर्थ हूँ” (Main yeh kaam karne mein asamarth hun) translates to “I am unable to do this work.”
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अक्षम (Aksham): Similar to “asamarth,” “aksham” also signifies inability. However, it often carries a stronger connotation of incompetence or inefficiency. For instance, “वह इस पद के लिए अक्षम है” (Vah is pad ke liye aksham hai) means “He is unable (incompetent) for this position.”
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नाकामयाब (Nakamyab): This word specifically refers to being unsuccessful or failing to achieve a desired outcome. While not a direct synonym of “unable,” it can be used in contexts where inability leads to failure. For example, “वह परीक्षा में नाकामयाब रहा” (Vah pariksha mein nakamyab raha) means “He was unable to succeed (failed) in the exam.”
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असफल (Asafal): Similar to “nakamyab,” “asafal” means unsuccessful or fruitless. It emphasizes the lack of positive results due to inability. “यह योजना असफल रही” (Yeh yojana asafal rahi) translates to “This plan was unable to succeed (failed).”
Unable to Understand: Specific Contexts
Sometimes, “unable” refers specifically to the inability to comprehend or understand something. In such cases, the following translations are more appropriate:
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समझने में असमर्थ (Samajhne mein asamarth): This directly translates to “unable to understand.” For example, “मैं तुम्हारी बात समझने में असमर्थ हूँ” (Main tumhari baat samajhne mein asamarth hun) means “I am unable to understand what you are saying.”
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नासमझ (Nasamajh): While not a direct translation of “unable,” “nasamajh” refers to someone who is lacking in understanding or slow to comprehend. It often carries a slightly negative connotation.
Choosing the Right Word: Context is Key
The best Hindi translation for “unable” depends heavily on the context. Consider the specific nuance you want to convey. Are you talking about a lack of physical ability, intellectual capacity, or the failure to achieve a goal?
Unable vs. Can’t: A Subtle Difference
While often used interchangeably, “unable” and “can’t” have subtle differences. “Can’t” is more informal and often suggests a lack of permission or possibility, while “unable” emphasizes a lack of capability.
Practical Examples and Common Phrases
Here are some common phrases using “unable” and their Hindi translations:
- Unable to walk: चलने में असमर्थ (Chalne mein asamarth)
- Unable to speak: बोलने में असमर्थ (Bolne mein asamarth)
- Unable to see: देखने में असमर्थ (Dekhne mein asamarth)
- Unable to hear: सुनने में असमर्थ (Sunne mein asamarth)
Expert Insights
Dr. Anita Sharma, a renowned Hindi linguist, explains, “The beauty of Hindi lies in its rich vocabulary. Choosing the right word, like the appropriate translation for ‘unable,’ can drastically change the meaning and impact of your message.”
Another expert, Mr. Rajesh Kumar, a Hindi literature professor, adds, “Understanding the subtle differences between ‘asamarth,’ ‘aksham,’ and other similar words is crucial for appreciating the depth and complexity of Hindi literature.”
Conclusion
Mastering the Hindi meaning of “unable” opens doors to clearer communication and deeper cultural understanding. By considering the specific context and choosing the appropriate translation, you can express yourself with greater precision and nuance. Remember, context is key. By carefully selecting from the rich array of Hindi vocabulary, you can convey the precise meaning of “unable” in any situation.
FAQs
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What is the most common Hindi word for “unable”? असमर्थ (Asamarth) is the most common and direct translation.
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What is the difference between “asamarth” and “aksham”? While both mean “unable,” “aksham” often implies incompetence.
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How do I say “unable to understand” in Hindi? समझने में असमर्थ (Samajhne mein asamarth) is the most accurate translation.
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Is “nakamyab” a synonym for “unable”? While not a direct synonym, it can be used when inability leads to failure.
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Why is context important when translating “unable”? The best translation depends on the specific nuance you want to convey.
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