Understanding the nuances of Hindi can be tricky, especially when dealing with phrases like “given by.” This article aims to provide a clear understanding of how to express the concept of “given by” in Hindi, covering various contexts and offering practical examples. We’ll explore the different ways to convey this meaning, ensuring you can accurately express yourself in both spoken and written Hindi.
Different Ways to Say “Given By” in Hindi
The Hindi equivalent of “given by” depends heavily on the context. There isn’t one single direct translation that works universally. Here’s a breakdown of the common ways to express this idea:
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द्वारा (dwara): This is perhaps the most common and versatile translation. It’s a postposition meaning “by” or “through” and is used to indicate the agent or instrument of an action. For instance, “This book was given by Ram” would translate to “यह पुस्तक राम द्वारा दी गई थी (Yah pustak Ram dwara di gai thi).”
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से (se): While primarily meaning “from,” “se” can also be used in the sense of “by” when referring to the origin or source of something. For example, “The gift given by my mother” could be translated as “मेरी माँ से दिया गया उपहार (Meri maan se diya gaya uphar).”
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के द्वारा (ke dwara): This is a more formal and emphatic version of “dwara,” adding the genitive marker “ke.” It further emphasizes the agent performing the action.
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की ओर से (ki or se): This phrase translates to “on behalf of” or “from the side of” and is suitable when someone gives something on another person’s behalf. For example, “This donation was given by me on behalf of my company” would be “यह दान मेरी कंपनी की ओर से दिया गया था (Yah daan meri company ki or se diya gaya tha).”
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प्रदत्त (pradatt): This word is an adjective meaning “given” or “bestowed.” While it doesn’t directly translate to “given by,” it can be used in contexts where the giver is implied or already known.
Choosing the Right Hindi Translation
The best choice for translating “given by” depends on the specific situation. Consider these factors:
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Formality: For formal contexts, “ke dwara” or “ki or se” are more appropriate.
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Emphasis: Use “ke dwara” to emphasize the giver.
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Clarity: “dwara” is generally the clearest and most straightforward option.
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Nuance: “se” is preferred when highlighting the origin or source.
Common Usage Examples
Let’s illustrate the usage with some examples:
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“This painting was given by my grandmother.” → यह पेंटिंग मेरी दादी द्वारा दी गई थी (Yah painting meri daadi dwara di gai thi).
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“The award was given by the president.” → पुरस्कार राष्ट्रपति द्वारा दिया गया था (Puraskar rashtrapati dwara diya gaya tha).
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“The speech given by the Prime Minister was inspiring.” → प्रधानमंत्री द्वारा दिया गया भाषण प्रेरणादायक था (Pradhanmantri dwara diya gaya bhashan prernadayak tha).
How Do You Say “Given By” in Different Tenses?
The verb conjugation changes depending on the tense. Here are a few examples:
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Present Tense: दिया जाता है (diya jata hai) – is given by
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Past Tense: दिया गया था (diya gaya tha) – was given by
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Future Tense: दिया जाएगा (diya jayega) – will be given by
Conclusion
Mastering the different ways to say “given by” in Hindi allows for clear and nuanced communication. By understanding the context and choosing the appropriate translation, you can express yourself accurately and effectively. Whether using “dwara,” “se,” “ke dwara,” or “ki or se,” remember to consider the formality, emphasis, and specific meaning you wish to convey.
FAQ
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What is the most common way to say “given by” in Hindi? द्वारा (dwara) is the most common and versatile translation.
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When should I use “ki or se”? Use ki or se when something is given on behalf of someone else.
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Is there a single word for “given by” in Hindi? Not a single, perfect equivalent, but प्रदत्त (pradatt) can be used when the giver is implied.
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How do I say “given by” in the past tense? Use दिया गया था (diya gaya tha) for the past tense.
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What is the formal way to say “given by”? के द्वारा (ke dwara) is a more formal and emphatic option.
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Can “se” be used to mean “given by”? Yes, se can be used when referring to the origin or source of something given.
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How do I choose the right translation for “given by”? Consider the context, formality, and the specific nuance you want to convey.
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