Understanding the nuances of “except” in Hindi is crucial for accurate communication. Whether you’re translating legal documents, technical manuals, or everyday conversations, knowing the various Hindi equivalents of “except” will enhance your fluency and ensure your message is conveyed correctly. This article delves into the different ways to express “except” in Hindi, providing examples and context to solidify your understanding.
Different Ways to Say “Except” in Hindi
“Except” can be translated into Hindi using various words and phrases, depending on the context and the nuance you want to convey. Here are some of the most common options:
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Siway (सिवाय): This is perhaps the most common equivalent of “except” and is often followed by “ke” (के). It indicates exclusion from a group or set. For example, “Everyone went except me” translates to “Sab log gaye siway mere ke (सब लोग गए सिवाय मेरे के).”
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Ke alawa (के अलावा): This phrase means “besides” or “in addition to” but can also be used to express “except” in certain contexts. For instance, “I like all fruits except mangoes” can be translated as “Mujhe aam ke alawa sabhi phal pasand hain (मुझे आम के अलावा सभी फल पसंद हैं).”
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Chhodkar (छोड़कर): This word implies leaving something or someone out and is another suitable translation for “except.” For example, “He ate everything except the vegetables” can be translated as “Usne sab kuchh chhodkar sabziyan nahin khaayi (उसने सब कुछ छोड़कर सब्ज़ियाँ नहीं खायीं).”
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Bin (बिन): This word means “without” and can be used to express “except” in some cases. For example, “I cannot live without you” which also implies “except you” can be translated as “Main tum bin nahin reh sakta/sakti (मैं तुम बिन नहीं रह सकता/सकती).”
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Ko chhodkar (को छोड़कर): This phrase is similar to “chhodkar” but is used when the excluded item is the object of the verb. For example, “Except for Ram, everyone passed the exam” can be translated as “Ram ko chhodkar sabhi परीक्षा में पास हुए (Ram ko chhodkar sabhi pareeksha mein paas hue).”
Choosing the Right Word
Selecting the appropriate Hindi equivalent of “except” depends on the specific context. Consider the following examples:
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Formal context: For legal documents or formal writing, “siway” is generally preferred.
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Informal context: “Ke alawa” or “chhodkar” are more suitable for everyday conversations.
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Emphasis on exclusion: “Chhodkar” effectively emphasizes the act of leaving something out.
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Emphasis on absence: “Bin” highlights the absence of something.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
When using these Hindi words, avoid these common errors:
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Incorrect use of postpositions: Pay attention to the correct postpositions like “ke” after “siway.”
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Literal translation: Avoid directly translating English phrases involving “except,” as it might not convey the intended meaning in Hindi.
Except in Hindi: Practical Examples
Let’s explore more practical examples to illustrate the usage of “except”:
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Except for a few scratches, the car is in good condition: Kuchh kharonch ko chhodkar, gaadi achhi haalat mein hai (कुछ खरोंच को छोड़कर, गाड़ी अच्छी हालत में है).
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Everyone except him agreed to the proposal: Uske siway sabhi prastav se सहमत हुए (Uske siway sabhi prastav se sehmat hue).
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I work every day except Sunday: Main ravivar ke alawa har din kaam karta/karti hun (मैं रविवार के अलावा हर दिन काम करता/करती हूँ).
Conclusion
Mastering the various ways to say “except” in Hindi is essential for effective communication. By understanding the subtle differences between “siway,” “ke alawa,” “chhodkar,” and “bin,” you can accurately express your intended meaning and avoid common errors. Practicing these words and phrases in different contexts will further enhance your fluency and understanding of the Hindi language.
FAQ
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What is the most common way to say “except” in Hindi? The most common way is “siway (सिवाय),” followed by “ke (के).”
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Can “ke alawa” be used to mean “except”? Yes, “ke alawa” can convey the meaning of “except” in certain contexts where it implies exclusion.
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What is the difference between “chhodkar” and “ko chhodkar”? “Chhodkar” is used when the excluded item is the subject, while “ko chhodkar” is used when it’s the object.
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When is “bin” an appropriate translation for “except”? “Bin” is suitable when emphasizing the absence of something, implying exclusion.
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How can I improve my understanding of these words? Practice using them in different sentences and contexts, paying attention to the nuances they convey.
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