Extrusive rocks, also known as volcanic rocks, are formed from magma that erupts onto the Earth’s surface. Understanding their formation, characteristics, and types is crucial for comprehending geological processes. This article delves into the meaning of “extrusive rocks” in Hindi, exploring their significance and providing a detailed overview of their various forms. We’ll also explore the difference between extrusive and intrusive rocks, providing real-world examples and answering frequently asked questions.
What Does “Extrusive Rock” Mean in Hindi?
“Extrusive rock” translates to “बाह्य आग्नेय शैल” (bahya agney shail) in Hindi. “बाह्य” (bahya) means external or outside, “आग्नेय” (agney) refers to igneous or fire-formed, and “शैल” (shail) means rock. Thus, the term literally describes rocks formed from molten material that cooled outside the Earth’s crust.
Types of Extrusive Rocks
Extrusive rocks vary considerably in their composition and texture, depending on the type of magma they originate from and the cooling rate they experience. Some common examples include:
- Basalt: A dark-colored, fine-grained rock rich in iron and magnesium.
- Andesite: An intermediate rock, often grey or greenish-grey, with a porphyritic texture.
- Rhyolite: A light-colored, fine-grained rock rich in silica.
- Obsidian: A glassy, volcanic rock formed from rapidly cooling lava.
- Pumice: A light, porous rock formed from frothy lava.
Extrusive vs. Intrusive Rocks: Key Differences
While both are igneous rocks, extrusive and intrusive rocks differ significantly in their formation and characteristics. Extrusive rocks form on the surface, cooling quickly and resulting in fine-grained textures. Intrusive rocks, on the other hand, form beneath the surface, cooling slowly and resulting in coarse-grained textures. magma meaning in hindi can help you understand the source material for both types of rocks.
Why Are Extrusive Rocks Important?
Extrusive rocks provide valuable insights into the Earth’s interior and its geological history. They also play a significant role in soil formation and contribute to the landscape’s diversity. Studying these rocks helps us understand volcanic activity, tectonic plate movements, and the overall evolution of our planet.
Frequently Asked Questions about Extrusive Rocks
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What is the most common extrusive rock? Basalt is the most common extrusive rock, forming the majority of oceanic crust.
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How are extrusive rocks identified? Extrusive rocks are identified by their fine-grained texture, mineral composition, and sometimes glassy or vesicular appearance.
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Where are extrusive rocks found? Extrusive rocks are found near volcanic areas, including active and dormant volcanoes, and regions with past volcanic activity.
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What are some uses of extrusive rocks? Extrusive rocks are used in construction, landscaping, and even as decorative stones.
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What is the difference between lava and magma? Magma is molten rock beneath the Earth’s surface, while lava is molten rock that has erupted onto the surface.
Conclusion
Understanding “extrusive rocks meaning in hindi” (बाह्य आग्नेय शैल) is fundamental to grasping geological principles. These rocks, formed from cooled lava on the Earth’s surface, offer valuable insights into our planet’s dynamic processes. From basalt to obsidian, extrusive rock meaning in hindi encompasses a diverse range of rock types, each with unique characteristics and significance.
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