Understanding the term “civil case” and its Hindi equivalent is crucial for anyone navigating the Indian legal system. Whether you’re involved in a dispute, researching legal matters, or simply expanding your vocabulary, knowing the meaning of “civil case” in Hindi will provide a clearer understanding of this important legal concept. This article will delve into the meaning of “civil case” in Hindi, exploring its various aspects, related terms, and common scenarios.
What does “Civil Case” Mean in Hindi?
“Civil case” is commonly translated as “दिवानी मामला (divaani maamala)” in Hindi. This term encompasses legal disputes between individuals or organizations concerning private rights and remedies. Unlike criminal cases, which involve offences against the state, civil cases focus on resolving disputes related to contracts, property, family matters, and other non-criminal issues. The primary aim is to secure compensation or other forms of redress for the aggrieved party.
Different Types of Civil Cases in India
Civil cases encompass a wide range of legal disputes. Some common types include:
- Contract Disputes (अनुबंध विवाद – anubandh vivaad): Breach of contract, disputes over contract terms, and disagreements regarding contractual obligations fall under this category.
- Property Disputes (संपत्ति विवाद – sampatti vivaad): These cases involve disputes related to ownership, inheritance, boundaries, and other property-related matters.
- Family Disputes (पारिवारिक विवाद – parivarik vivaad): Matters like divorce, child custody, alimony, and inheritance disputes within families are classified as family disputes.
- Tort Cases (अपकृत्य मामले – apkratya maamle): These involve claims for damages caused by negligence, defamation, or other wrongful acts.
Key Terms Related to Civil Cases in Hindi
Understanding these key terms will further enhance your comprehension of civil cases:
- वादी (vaadi) – Plaintiff: The party who initiates the lawsuit.
- प्रतिवादी (prativaadi) – Defendant: The party against whom the lawsuit is filed.
- मुआवजा (muaavza) – Compensation: The monetary relief awarded to the aggrieved party.
- डिक्री (dikree) – Decree: The court’s final order or judgment in a civil case.
How are Civil Cases Handled in India?
Civil cases in India are governed by the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908. The process typically involves filing a plaint, presenting evidence, arguments by both parties, and ultimately, the court’s judgment.
What is the difference between a Civil Case and a Criminal Case in India?
A fundamental difference lies in the nature of the offence. Criminal cases deal with offences against the state, while civil cases address disputes between private parties. The burden of proof is also different; in criminal cases, it lies with the prosecution to prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt, whereas in civil cases, the plaintiff needs to prove their case on a balance of probabilities. The consequences also vary, with criminal cases potentially leading to imprisonment, while civil cases typically result in monetary compensation or other remedies.
FAQ
- What is the Hindi word for civil suit? The Hindi word for civil suit is दीवानी मुकदमा (divaani mukadma).
- What is the meaning of decree in a civil case? A decree is the court’s final order or judgment in a civil case.
- Who is the plaintiff in a civil case? The plaintiff is the party who initiates the lawsuit.
- What does compensation mean in Hindi? Compensation is referred to as मुआवजा (muaavza) in Hindi.
- What is the role of evidence in a civil case? Evidence plays a crucial role in supporting the claims made by both parties in a civil case.
- What happens after a decree is passed in a civil case? After a decree is passed, the successful party can execute the decree to enforce the court’s order.
- Where can I find more information about civil cases in India? You can consult legal websites, law libraries, and seek advice from legal professionals for further information.
Conclusion
Understanding the meaning of “civil case” in Hindi (दिवानी मामला) is essential for navigating the Indian legal landscape. By familiarizing yourself with related terms and the different types of civil cases, you’ll be better equipped to comprehend legal proceedings and protect your rights. This knowledge can empower you to make informed decisions and seek appropriate legal remedies when necessary.
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